{"id":6859,"date":"2024-01-19T11:57:42","date_gmt":"2024-01-19T11:57:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/theequinenutritionist.com\/?p=6859"},"modified":"2025-07-27T13:50:07","modified_gmt":"2025-07-27T13:50:07","slug":"le-role-du-foie-dans-le-metabolisme-des-nutriments","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/theequinenutritionist.com\/en\/2024\/01\/19\/le-role-du-foie-dans-le-metabolisme-des-nutriments\/","title":{"rendered":"The role of the liver in nutrient metabolism"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"6859\" class=\"elementor elementor-6859\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-611f3103 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"611f3103\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30b26324 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"30b26324\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The liver and the kidneys are both blood filtration organs. They work together to detoxify the body from its waste products floating in the blood and have an important role in nutrient metabolism through their regulating functions.<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The liver is a large organ, part of the digestive system, that filters blood and produces bile (Bouchon &amp; Marceau, 2022).<br \/>It is situated obliquely in the intrathoracic cranial abdomen, with a great proportion being to the right of the median plane. The liver is also situated caudally to the diaphragm (Raynor, 2008).<\/p><p><\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><\/ul><p><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c8d17c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9c8d17c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5694b7c elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"5694b7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"838\" height=\"478\" src=\"https:\/\/theequinenutritionist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-6862\" alt=\"Figure 1: THORACIC, ABDOMINAL AND PELVIC VISCERS (MARE) - Deep lateral view (Raynor, 2008).\" srcset=\"https:\/\/theequinenutritionist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1.png 838w, https:\/\/theequinenutritionist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-300x171.png 300w, https:\/\/theequinenutritionist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-18x10.png 18w, https:\/\/theequinenutritionist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-600x342.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 838px) 100vw, 838px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\">Figure 1: THORACIC, ABDOMINAL AND PELVIC VISCERS (MARE) - Deep lateral view (Raynor, 2008).\nThe liver is coloured in green.\n<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6931ee0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6931ee0\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4102693 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4102693\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The horse liver is made of 3 lobes: the right lobe, the quadrate lobe, and the left lateral lobe.<br \/>The aorta leads to the liver, and the caudal vena cava, the portal vein and the hepatic veins leave the liver.<br \/>The liver also contains bile ducts that join into the common bile duct to bring bile to the duodenum (Bouchon &amp; Marceau, 2022).<br \/>The liver is mainly composed of parenchymal cells (60% of its cells forming 80% of its volume) (Vekemans &amp; Braet, 2005).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36e8c4b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36e8c4b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e08d4b1 elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"e08d4b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"698\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/theequinenutritionist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-1.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-6863\" alt=\"Figure 2: Horse liver structure - Diaphragmatic surface (adapted from Bouchon &amp; Marceau, 2022).\" srcset=\"https:\/\/theequinenutritionist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-1.png 698w, https:\/\/theequinenutritionist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-1-300x186.png 300w, https:\/\/theequinenutritionist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-1-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/theequinenutritionist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-1-600x371.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 698px) 100vw, 698px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\">Figure 2: Horse liver structure - Diaphragmatic surface (adapted from Bouchon &amp; Marceau, 2022).<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f707f4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"8f707f4\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b3278f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0b3278f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The liver has vascular, secretory and excretory, and metabolic functions (Johns Hopkins University, 2019). (Metabolic functions will be detailed in the next paragraph on the liver\u2019s role in nutrient metabolism).<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vascular functions include blood storage (10-15% of the blood volume is in the liver, which regulates the blood in general circulation), formation of lymph (approximately half of the lymph is formed in the liver), and phagocytic system host (Dixon et al., 2013).<br \/>Secretory functions include the production of bile salts that go in the duodenum and emulsifies lipids for digestion (Russell &amp; Setchell, 1992), the production of cholesterol, and the synthesis of plasma proteins in blood.<br \/>Excretory functions are detoxification of the body waste products (such as ammonia) and pathogens (such as drugs), and the breakdown of old red blood cells of which product is excreted in the bile.<br \/>Body temperature regulation, thanks to its high metabolic rate and its large size.<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the University of Nottingham, 2018, the role of the liver in nutrient metabolism can be summarized into 3 categories: protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism.<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The liver has a role in protein metabolism by breaking down excess protein and amino acids in the body into ammonia, which it will synthetise into urea to be excreted by the kidneys into urine.<br \/>The role of the liver in fat metabolism is to break down blood lipids for excretion or alter their structure to be stored as body fats for later use.<br \/>Finally, the liver is a glycogen reserve and is able of glycogenesis when the animal hasn\u2019t eaten for several hours (mainly for carnivore mammals because their diet doesn\u2019t include starch, but it can also happen for herbivore mammals). Other carbohydrate metabolism example is the maintenance of blood glucose levels, thanks to glucagon and insulin, the liver stores the non-used glucose to regulate the amount of glucose in the general circulation.<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The liver plays a major role in glycaemic homeostasis and is responsible for distributing glucose into the bloodstream for transport to the cells where it is metabolised by cellular respiration to provide energy, as described above. Excess glucose is converted into glycogen by a series of reactions (glycogenesis) in liver cells. When the concentration of glucose in the blood falls, the liver triggers glycogenolysis, i.e. the breakdown of stored glycogen into glucose-6-phosphate and its subsequent hydrolysis (by glucose-6-phosphatase) into free glucose, which is released into the bloodstream for transport to the cells. If the body's energy requirements exceed the amount of stored glycogen, the liver can produce glucose-6-phosphate from precursors such as lactate, glycerol and amino acids through gluconeogenesis. Again, this glucose is converted to free glucose (Szablewski, 2017).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c97f6ce e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1c97f6ce\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10bf9f64 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"10bf9f64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>3 major liver's functions (Johns Hopkins University, 2019):\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>vascular<\/li>\n<li>secretory and excretory<\/li>\n<li>metabolism<br \/>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>protein<\/li>\n<li>fats (lipids)<\/li>\n<li>glucides<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2adaf03a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2adaf03a\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d0430af elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2d0430af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Bibliography<\/span><\/p><p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bouchon, F. and Marceau, R. (2022) \u201cBiologie Animale,\u201d\u00a0<em>Centre Europ\u00e9en de Formation<\/em>.\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dixon, L.J.\u00a0<em>et al.<\/em>\u00a0(2013) \u201cKupffer cells in the liver,\u201d\u00a0<em>Comprehensive Physiology<\/em>, pp. 785\u2013797. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cphy.c120026.\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Johns Hopkins University (2019)\u00a0<em>Liver: Anatomy and functions<\/em>,\u00a0<em>Liver: Anatomy and Functions | Johns Hopkins Medicine<\/em>. Available at: https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/liver-anatomy-and-functions (Accessed: January 10, 2023).\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Raynor, M. (2008)\u00a0<em>Anatomie du Cheval \u00e0 colorier: Une aide \u00e0 l&rsquo;apprentissage de l&rsquo;anatomie du cheval<\/em>. Paris, France: Vigot.\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Russell, D.W. and Setchell, K.D. (1992) \u201cBile acid biosynthesis,\u201d\u00a0<em>Biochemistry<\/em>, 31(20), pp. 4737\u20134749. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/bi00135a001.\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">University of Nottingham (2018)\u00a0<em>Nutrient metabolism<\/em>,\u00a0<em>RLO: The Physiology of the Liver<\/em>. Available at: https:\/\/www.nottingham.ac.uk\/nmp\/sonet\/rlos\/bioproc\/liverphysiology\/page_two.html (Accessed: January 10, 2023).\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vekemans, K. and Braet, F. (2005) \u201cStructural and functional aspects of the liver and liver sinusoidal cells in relation to colon carcinoma metastasis,\u201d\u00a0<em>World Journal of Gastroenterology<\/em>, 11(33), p. 5095. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v11.i33.5095.\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Szablewski, L. (2017) \u00ab\u00a0Glucose Homeostasis\u00a0\u00bb, <em>Gluconeogenesis. <\/em>Available at\u00a0: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10,5772\/67222<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54be373a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"54be373a\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-524ccccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-wpzoom-elementor-addons-featured-category\" data-id=\"524ccccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpzoom-elementor-addons-featured-category.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpzoom-elementor-addons-featured-category\">\n\t\t\t<h3>\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/theequinenutritionist.com\/en\/category\/nutrition\/\" class=\"wpzoom-elementor-addons-featured-category-link is-linked has-image\" style=\"background-image:url('https:\/\/theequinenutritionist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1636BA12-629C-4103-9AC7-8899775FD3D7-1024x683.jpeg');\"><span><strong><span>Nutrition<em class=\"wpzoom-elementor-addons-featured-category-post-count\">3 Posts<\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a>\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/div><!-- \/\/.wpzoom-elementor-addons-featured-category -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le foie est un organe de filtration du sang. Une de ses fonctions est de d\u00e9toxifier le corps de ses d\u00e9chets flottant dans le sang et il joue \u00e9galement un r\u00f4le important dans le m\u00e9tabolisme des nutriments gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ses fonctions r\u00e9gulatrices. Le foie est un organe de grande taille, faisant partie du syst\u00e8me digestif, &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theequinenutritionist.com\/en\/2024\/01\/19\/le-role-du-foie-dans-le-metabolisme-des-nutriments\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read more<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> \u00ab\u00a0Le r\u00f4le du foie dans le m\u00e9tabolisme des nutriments\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6868,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[67,73,71,72,68,69,70,74],"class_list":["post-6859","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nutrition","tag-foie","tag-glucide","tag-graisse","tag-lipide","tag-liver","tag-metabolism","tag-nutriments","tag-proteine"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Le r\u00f4le du foie dans le m\u00e9tabolisme des nutriments - The Equine Nutritionist<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le foie est un organe de filtration du sang. 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